Public Charge Rules
公共負擔規則
The “Public Charge Rule” implemented by the Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”) on February 24, 2020 mandates that certain individuals applying for U.S. immigration status are generally inadmissible into the U.S. if they are found likely to become a public charge at any time. Individuals inside or outside the U.S. who seek to either obtain Lawful Permanent Resident status (apply for immigrant visas and “green cards”) or to extend or change nonimmigrant status (temporary visas) must now demonstrate that they have not received public benefits, or have received limited public benefits, with some exceptions.
國土安全部於2020年2月24日實施 “公共負擔規則”規定，某些申請美國移民身份的人，如果發現可能在任何情況下成為公共負擔，通常不被允許在任何時間進入美國。在美國境內或境外尋求獲得合法永久居民身份（申請移民簽證和“綠卡”）擴展或更改非移民身份（臨時簽證）的人，現在必須證明自己沒有獲得公共利益，或者已經獲得一些例外有限的公共利益。
What is considered as Public Charge?
Available guidance notes that public benefits considered for a public charge determination include, but are not limited to, the following: any federal, state, local, or tribal cash assistance for income maintenance. Examples include Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Cash Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Section 8 Housing Assistance & Project-Based Rental Assistance, Public Housing; and Medicaid.
什麼是公共負擔呢?
可用的指南指出，用於確定公共負擔的公共利益包括但不限於以下內容：用於維持收入的任何聯邦、州、地方或部落現金支援。例如：生活保障補助金（SSI）和對貧困家庭暫時的福利援助（TANF），補充營養援助計劃（SNAP），第8類房屋補助計劃和租金補助專案，公共住房和醫療補助。
What specific provisions are in the new public charge rules?
• Now, instead of assessing whether an applicant is likely to become primarily dependent on the government for income support, the new rules define a public charge as a person who is likely to receive any number of public benefits for more than an aggregate of 12 months over any 36-month period of time.
• The rules expand the list of publicly-funded programs that immigration officers may consider when deciding whether someone is likely to become a public charge. Under the new rules, federally-funded Medicaid, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as food stamps), Section 8 housing assistance and federally subsidized housing will be used as evidence that a green card or visa applicant is inadmissible under the public charge ground.
新的公共負擔標準有什麼特定的新規定呢?
•現在的新規則不再評估申請人是否可能主要依賴政府提供收入支持，而是將公共負擔定義為一個人在36個月的時間內總計得到超過12個月的利益。
•這些規則擴大了移民官員在決定某人是否有可能成為公共負擔時可能考慮的公共資助計劃的清單。根據新規定，聯邦資助的醫療補助，補充營養援助計劃（SNAP，前身為食品券），第8類房屋補助計劃和聯邦租金補助將被用作證明綠卡或簽證申請人在公共負擔不被接受的證據。
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文章來源 (Source): https://www.ilrc.org/public-charge
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